Cervical cancer develops in the cells of the cervix in females. Cervical cancer is considered the second most prevalent cancer among women globally and also the second most frequent in females ages between 15 and 44. 

Cervical cancer can be treated by various methods: chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and many more.  However, targeted therapy for cervical cancer is emerging as an advanced method, apart from the traditional method. 

Targeted therapy specifically focuses on cancer cells within the body while sparing healthy cells in the body. Research is ongoing to investigate additional methods for tackling more complex cases of cervical cancer using targeted therapies.

Types of Targeted Therapy for Cervical Cancer

Here are different types of targeted therapy for cervical cancer.

1. Monoclonal Antibodies

Monoclonal antibodies are lab-grown and designed to target some specific proteins that support the survival of cancer cells. These antibodies block the signals and also mark the cancer cells for destruction by the immune system. 

Example: Bevacizumab (Avastin). 

2. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs)

This blocks the action of enzymes known as tyrosine kinases, which play a role in cell signaling and tumor growth. 

Example: Axitinib and Pazopanib

3. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-Targeted Therapy

The majority of cervical cancers are brought on by persistent infections with high-risk HPV strains. The HPV infections can lead to certain cellular changes that can increase the risk for cancer. This targeted therapy-related drug targets HPV viruses or certain cellular changes caused by viruses to prevent the cancer. 

Example: Cervarix and Gardasil vaccines

4. Immunotherapy

Certain drugs are designed to boost the immune response, making it easier for the body to attack the cancer. 

Example: Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) and Nivolumab (Opdivo)

5. Angiogenesis Inhibitors

By blocking this process, these therapies help “starve” the tumor and slow its growth.

Example: Bevacizumab (Avastin).

Benefits of Targeted Therapy for Cervical Cancer

• Precision and Personalization: Targeted therapy targets only the cancerous cells by focusing on the molecular mechanisms. This personalization treatment is effective when conventional treatment is not effective.
• Fewer Side Effects: Since targeted therapies only affect cancer cells (and not healthy cells), they tend to cause fewer side effects than traditional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation.
• Improved Efficacy: Effective in treating advanced or recurrent cervical cancer, especially when other treatments have failed.
• Combination with Other Treatments: can be used in combination with chemotherapy, radiation, or immunotherapy to increase effectiveness.

Potential Side Effects of Targeted Therapy

In some cases, targeted therapy can also cause some of the side effects; these include,

• Fatigue
• High blood pressure
• Diarrhea
• Gastrointestinal issues (nausea, vomiting, or mouth sores)
• Risk of infection (associated with immune system suppression)
• Skin reactions (rashes or dryness)

However, the severity and type of side effects depend on some of the specific drugs and the patient’s overall health condition. 

What Other Methods Are Available for Cervical Cancer?

In addition to targeted therapy, cervical cancer can also be treated with the use of some other treatments. These are, 

• Chemotherapy: Some of the powerful drugs are used to kill and destroy the cancer cells. 
• Radiation Therapy: In this therapy, high-energy radiations are used to target the cancerous cells. 
• Surgery: Surgical procedures, such as a hysterectomy (removal of the uterus), may be performed in early-stage cervical cancer.
• Immunotherapy: In this therapy, some of the drugs are used to stimulate the immune system to fight against the cancerous cells. 

Each treatment option depends on the type, stage, and characteristics of the cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health.

Get more information about how cervical cancer can be treated and what’s the cost of cervical cancer treatment in India.

Takeaway

Targeted therapy for cervical cancer provides an advanced and more precise alternative to traditional treatments. Targeting specific molecules that promote the growth and survival of the cancer cell and also help minimize the damage to healthy cells. Apart from the traditional approach, this new advanced therapy increases the potential for successful outcomes. Overall, targeted therapy represents a significant advancement in cervical cancer treatment, offering a more personalized and effective option.